A trace-based visual inspection technique to detect errors in simulation models
Proceedings of the 39th conference on Winter simulation: 40 years! The best is yet to come
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Among the many stages of a simulation study, debugging a simulation model is the one that is hardly reported on but that may consume a considerable amount of time and effort. In this paper, we describe a novel technique that helps a modeler to gain insight in the dynamic behavior of a complex stochastic discrete event simulation model based on trace analysis. We propose algorithms to distinguish progressive from repetitive behavior in a trace and to extract a minimal progressive fragment of a trace. The implied combinatorial optimization problem for trace reduction is solved in linear time with dynamic programming. We present and compare several approximate and one exact solution method. Information on the reduction operation as well as the reduced trace itself helps a modeler to recognize the presence of certain errors and to identify their cause. We track down a subtle modeling error in a dependability model of a multi-class server system to illustrate the effectiveness of our approach in revealing the cause of an observed effect. The proposed technique has been implemented and integrated in Traviando, a trace analyzer to debug stochastic simulation models.