Self-adjusting binary search trees
Journal of the ACM (JACM)
An empirical comparison of priority-queue and event-set implementations
Communications of the ACM
An evaluation of self-adjusting binary search tree techniques
Software—Practice & Experience
Data structures and algorithm analysis in C (2nd ed.)
Data structures and algorithm analysis in C (2nd ed.)
Computer organization and design (2nd ed.): the hardware/software interface
Computer organization and design (2nd ed.): the hardware/software interface
Proceedings of the tenth annual ACM-SIAM symposium on Discrete algorithms
Self-adjusting trees in practice for large text collections
Software—Practice & Experience
Randomized splay trees: theoretical and experimental results
Information Processing Letters
Computer Architecture: A Quantitative Approach
Computer Architecture: A Quantitative Approach
Reducing splaying by taking advantage of working sets
WEA'08 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Experimental algorithms
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In this paper we present new empirical results for splay trees. These results provide a better understanding of how cache performance affects query execution time. Our results show that splay trees can have faster lookup times compared with randomly built binary search trees (BST) under certain settings. In contrast, previous experiments have shown that because of the instruction overhead involved in splaying, splay trees are less efficient in answering queries than randomly built BSTs—even when the data sets are heavily skewed (a favorable setting for splay trees). We show that at large tree sizes the difference in cache performance between the two types of trees is significant. This difference means that splay trees are faster than BSTs for this setting—despite still having a higher instruction count. Based on these results we offer guidelines in terms of tree size, access pattern, and cache size as to when splay trees will likely be more efficient. We also present a new splaying heuristic aimed at reducing instruction count and show that it can improve on standard splaying by 10–27%. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.