Digital signatures for flows and multicasts
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
A Digital Signature Based on a Conventional Encryption Function
CRYPTO '87 A Conference on the Theory and Applications of Cryptographic Techniques on Advances in Cryptology
The Eigentrust algorithm for reputation management in P2P networks
WWW '03 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on World Wide Web
Performance Analysis of Cryptographic Protocols on Handheld Devices
NCA '04 Proceedings of the Network Computing and Applications, Third IEEE International Symposium
The FastTrack overlay: a measurement study
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking - Overlay distribution structures and their applications
Defense against Intrusion in a Live Streaming Multicast System
P2P '06 Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE International Conference on Peer-to-Peer Computing
Efficient blacklisting and pollution-level estimation in p2p file-sharing systems
AINTEC'05 Proceedings of the First Asian Internet Engineering conference on Technologies for Advanced Heterogeneous Networks
A Measurement Study of a Large-Scale P2P IPTV System
IEEE Transactions on Multimedia
Challenges, design and analysis of a large-scale p2p-vod system
Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM 2008 conference on Data communication
A mesh check scheme against P2P live streaming attacks
Proceedings of the 5th International ICST Conference on Heterogeneous Networking for Quality, Reliability, Security and Robustness
CCGRID '09 Proceedings of the 2009 9th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Cluster Computing and the Grid
A modeling framework of content pollution in Peer-to-Peer video streaming systems
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
Protecting IPTV Service Network against Malicious Rendezvous Point
Information Security Applications
Loss-tolerant real-time content integrity validation for P2P video streaming
COMSNETS'09 Proceedings of the First international conference on COMmunication Systems And NETworks
Fighting attacks in P2P live streaming: simpler is better
INFOCOM'09 Proceedings of the 28th IEEE international conference on Computer Communications Workshops
Detecting and blocking P2P botnets through contact tracing chains
International Journal of Internet Protocol Technology
Pollution-resistant peer-to-peer live streaming using trust management
ICIP'09 Proceedings of the 16th IEEE international conference on Image processing
Towards securing data delivery in peer-to-peer streaming
COMSNETS'10 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on COMmunication systems and NETworks
Content pollution on P2P Live Streaming systems
WebMedia '09 Proceedings of the XV Brazilian Symposium on Multimedia and the Web
Identity attack and anonymity protection for P2P-VoD systems
Proceedings of the Nineteenth International Workshop on Quality of Service
Defending against Sybil nodes in BitTorrent
NETWORKING'11 Proceedings of the 10th international IFIP TC 6 conference on Networking - Volume Part II
A design for securing data delivery in mesh-based peer-to-peer streaming
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
An effective index poisoning algorithm for controlling peer-to-peer network applications
Proceedings of the 2011 International Workshop on Modeling, Analysis, and Control of Complex Networks
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
Winnowing: Protecting P2P systems against pollution through cooperative index filtering
Journal of Network and Computer Applications
Challenging the feasibility of authentication mechanisms for P2P live streaming
Proceedings of the 6th Latin America Networking Conference
SimplyRep: A simple and effective reputation system to fight pollution in P2P live streaming
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
Sensing-enabled channels for hard-to-detect command and control of mobile devices
Proceedings of the 8th ACM SIGSAC symposium on Information, computer and communications security
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P2P mesh-pull live video streaming applications ---such as Cool-Streaming, PPLive, and PPStream --- have become popular in the recent years. In this paper, we examine the stream pollution attack, for which the attacker mixes polluted chunks into the P2P distribution, degrading the quality of the rendered media at the receivers. Polluted chunks received by an unsuspecting peer not only effect that single peer, but since the peer also forwards chunks to other peers, and those peers in turn forward chunks to more peers, the polluted content can potentially spread through much of the P2P network. The contribution of this paper is twofold. First, by way of experimenting and measuring a popular P2P live video streaming system, we show that the pollution attack can be devastating. Second, we evaluate the applicability of four possible defenses to the pollution attack: blacklisting, traffic encryption, hash verification, and chunk signing. Among these, we conclude that the chunk signing solutions are most suitable.