Effects of Aging on Arithmetic Problem-Solving: An Event-related Brain Potential Study
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
The Timing of Action-Monitoring Processes in the Anterior Cingulate Cortex
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
Order Information in Working Memory: fMRI Evidence for Parietal and Prefrontal Mechanisms
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
Differential Contributions of the Left and Right Inferior Parietal Lobules to Number Processing
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
An MEG Study of Picture Naming
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
The neural development of an abstract concept of number
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
Spatial attention determines the nature of nonverbal number representation
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
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Measuring reaction times (RTs) using the additive-factors method provides information about the sequence of processing stages in a cognitive task. Here, I describe how the simultaneous recording of event-related potentials (ERPs) in the same task can provide complementary information that cannot be obtained using RTs alone. Most notably, ERP data can reveal the absolute activation time and the coarse brain localization of processing stages. RTs and ERPs can also be used to cross-validate a serial-stage model. These notions were applied to a study of the temporal unfolding of brain activations in a number comparison task. ERPs were recorded from 64 scalp electrodes while normal subjects classified numbers as larger or smaller than 5. Specific scalp signatures and timing data were obtained for stages of word and digit identification, magnitude comparison, response programming, and error capture and correction. The observed localizations were compatible with previous neuropsychological and brain imaging data and provided new insights into the cerebral lateralization and timing of number processing.