On power-law relationships of the Internet topology
Proceedings of the conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communication
Analysis of the autonomous system network topology
ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review
On the origin of power laws in Internet topologies
ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review
IEEE Internet Computing
3LS—A Peer-to-Peer Network Simulator
P2P '03 Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Peer-to-Peer Computing
GPS: A General Peer-to-Peer Simulator and its Use for Modeling BitTorrent
MASCOTS '05 Proceedings of the 13th IEEE International Symposium on Modeling, Analysis, and Simulation of Computer and Telecommunication Systems
Analysis of large-scale topological properties for peer-to-peer networks
CCGRID '04 Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE International Symposium on Cluster Computing and the Grid
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Modeling peer-to-peer (P2P) networks is a challenge for P2P researchers. In this paper, we provide a detailed analysis of large-scale hybrid P2P overlay network topology, using Gnutella as a case study. First, we re-examine the power-law distributions of the Gnutella network discovered by previous researchers. Our results show that the current Gnutella network deviates from the earlier power-laws, suggesting that the Gnutella network topology may have evolved a lot over time. Second, we identify important trends with regard to the evolution of the Gnutella network between September 2005 and February 2006. Upon analyzing the limitations of the power-laws, we provide a novel two-layered approach to study the topology of the Gnutella network. We divide the Gnutella network into two layers, namely the mesh and the forest, to model the hybrid and highly dynamic architecture of the current Gnutella network. We give a detailed analysis of the two-layered overlay and present six power-laws and one empirical law to characterize the topology. Using the two-layered approach and laws proposed, realistic topologies can be generated and the realism of artificial topologies can be validated.