TINA: a probabilistic syntactic parser for speech understanding systems
HLT '89 Proceedings of the workshop on Speech and Natural Language
The MIT SUMMIT Speech Recognition system: a progress report
HLT '89 Proceedings of the workshop on Speech and Natural Language
Training and evaluation of a spoken language understanding system
HLT '90 Proceedings of the workshop on Speech and Natural Language
Answers and questions: processing messages and queries
HLT '89 Proceedings of the workshop on Speech and Natural Language
Augmented role filling capabilities for semantic interpretation of spoken language
HLT '91 Proceedings of the workshop on Speech and Natural Language
The use of commercial natural language interface in the ATIS task
HLT '91 Proceedings of the workshop on Speech and Natural Language
HLT '91 Proceedings of the workshop on Speech and Natural Language
Beyond class A: a proposal for automatic evaluation of discourse
HLT '90 Proceedings of the workshop on Speech and Natural Language
Training and evaluation of a spoken language understanding system
HLT '90 Proceedings of the workshop on Speech and Natural Language
Development of the INRS ATIS system
IUI '93 Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Intelligent user interfaces
Commercialization of natural language processing technology
Communications of the ACM
A Speech Understanding and Dialog System with a Homogeneous Linguistic Knowledge Base
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Programming by Demonstration Using Version Space Algebra
Machine Learning
A portable approach to last resort parsing and interpretation
HLT '93 Proceedings of the workshop on Human Language Technology
The intelligent database interface: integrating AI and database systems
AAAI'90 Proceedings of the eighth National conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 1
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This paper presents the Unisys Spoken Language System, as applied to the Air Travel Planning (ATIS) domain. This domain provides a rich source of interactive dialog, and has been chosen as a common application task for the development and evaluation of spoken language understanding systems. The Unisys approach to developing a spoken language system combines SUMMIT (the MIT speech recognition system [6]), PUNDIT (the Unisys language understanding system [3]) and an Ingres database of air travel information for eleven cities and nine airports (the ATIS database). Access to the database is mediated via a general knowledge-base/database interface (the Intelligent Database Server [4]). To date, we have concentrated on the language understanding and database interface components.