On the relationship between capacity and distance in an underwater acoustic communication channel
ACM SIGMOBILE Mobile Computing and Communications Review
On efficient channel estimation for underwater acoustic OFDM systems
Proceedings of the Fourth ACM International Workshop on UnderWater Networks
Software-defined underwater acoustic networking platform
Proceedings of the Fourth ACM International Workshop on UnderWater Networks
Underwater acoustic communication channels: propagation models and statistical characterization
IEEE Communications Magazine
Optimal placement of wireless nodes in underwater wireless sensor networks with shadow zones
WD'09 Proceedings of the 2nd IFIP conference on Wireless days
Asilomar'09 Proceedings of the 43rd Asilomar conference on Signals, systems and computers
Autonomous depth adjustment for underwater sensor networks
Proceedings of the Fifth ACM International Workshop on UnderWater Networks
Cooperative positioning in underwater sensor networks
IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing
Wireless Underwater Communications
Wireless Personal Communications: An International Journal
An overview of the internet of underwater things
Journal of Network and Computer Applications
Marine communities based congestion control in underwater wireless sensor networks
Information Sciences: an International Journal
Experimental demonstration of time reversal communication in doubly dispersive underwater channels
Proceedings of the Eighth ACM International Conference on Underwater Networks and Systems
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The underwater environment is widely regarded as one of the most difficult communication channels. Underwater acoustic communications systems are challenged by the characteristics of acoustic propagation through the underwater environment. There are a wide range of physical processes that impact underwater acoustic communications and the relative importance of these processes are different in different environments. In this paper some relevant propagation phenomena are described in the context of how they impact the development and/or performance of underwater acoustic communications networks. The speed of sound and channel latency, absorption and spreading losses, waveguide effects and multipath, surface scattering, bubbles, and ambient noise are all briefly discussed.