Joint wavelet and spatial transformation for digital watermarking
IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics
Secure spread spectrum watermarking for multimedia
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
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An algorithm, adopting private and public watermark methodology, is proposed where the characteristic between the original image and the embedding watermark with visible content is utilised to form a two-stage verification process: secret-open watermarking. Performance analysis shows that the design scheme provides a sufficient ownership right verification mechanism and strong robustness under attack.