A prototype underwater acoustic sensor network platform with topology-aware MAC scheme

Authors:
Fei Hu;Paul Tilghman;Yamin Malkawi;Yang Xiao
Affiliations:
Department of Computer Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, 83 Lomb Memorial Drive,Rochester, NY 14623-5603, USA.;Department of Computer Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, 83 Lomb Memorial Drive,Rochester, NY 14623-5603, USA.;Department of Computer Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, 83 Lomb Memorial Drive,Rochester, NY 14623-5603, USA.;Department of Computer Science, The University of Alabama, 101 Houser Hall, Box 870290, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487-0290, USA
Venue:
International Journal of Sensor Networks
Year:
2007

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Abstract

Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) can be used in ocean exploration and lake pollution monitoring. They use acoustic media to achieve sensor communications. UWSNs are essentially different from terrestrial RF-based sensor networks due to its highly variable, long propagation delay and mobility nature. In this paper, we first describe our experimental design of low-cost underwater sensor nodes for deployment in a shallow underwater environment. Then, we propose two UWSN Medium Access Control (MAC) enhancements that can adapt to long acoustic delay: (1) topology-ware scheduling scheme to save more energy and (2) a coordination protocol among neighbours to reduce the frame queuing delay during MAC operations. Our experimental results show the energy efficiency of our UWSN MAC protocol.