Pricing via Processing or Combatting Junk Mail
CRYPTO '92 Proceedings of the 12th Annual International Cryptology Conference on Advances in Cryptology
New client puzzle outsourcing techniques for DoS resistance
Proceedings of the 11th ACM conference on Computer and communications security
Mitigating bandwidth-exhaustion attacks using congestion puzzles
Proceedings of the 11th ACM conference on Computer and communications security
Using client puzzles to protect TLS
SSYM'01 Proceedings of the 10th conference on USENIX Security Symposium - Volume 10
Reconstructing hash reversal based proof of work schemes
LEET'11 Proceedings of the 4th USENIX conference on Large-scale exploits and emergent threats
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Unwanted traffic remains a fundamental problem for networked systems. Proof-of-work (PoW) is a defense mechanism that adds a client-specific challenge at the start of a networked protocol. The challenge acts as a filter for clients based on their willingness to solve a computational task of varying difficulty. The difficulty is tailored to the individual client and is set proportional to its relative load on the server.