Secret Image Hiding and Sharing Based on the (t,n)-Threshold

  • Authors:
  • Chin-Chen Chang;Chih-Yang Lin;Chun-Sen Tseng

  • Affiliations:
  • Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science, Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan, 40724. E-mail: ccc@cs.ccu.edu.tw;Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chung Cheng University Chiayi, Taiwan, 621. E-mail: {gary,tcs92}@cs.ccu.edu.tw;Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chung Cheng University Chiayi, Taiwan, 621. E-mail: {gary,tcs92}@cs.ccu.edu.tw

  • Venue:
  • Fundamenta Informaticae
  • Year:
  • 2007

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Abstract

This study proposes a new secret image sharing method based on the (t,n)-threshold. The sharing method is completed through three main steps: (1) quantizing the secret image, (2) generating n shadows from the quantized image, and (3) sharing the n shadows among n cover images. Our goal is both to attain good stego-image and secret image quality preservation effects and to limit the size of each shadow image down to 1/t of that of the secret image for convenient transmission and storage. In the first step, the secret image is divided into non-overlapping 4 × 4 blocks that are quantized according to the results of block testing. Each block, after the block testing procedure, is judged to be either a smooth block or a non-smooth one. Smooth blocks can be neatly restored after being hidden into the cover image, while non-smooth blocks can be somewhat lossy, but such modification is perceptually invisible. The second step is to apply Shamir's (t,n)-threshold, which uses a (t−1)-degree polynomial to generate n shadows so that the secret image can be restored from any t out of n shadows. The last step involves a modulo operation to hide the n shadows in n cover images. According to our experimental results, the PSNR values of the reconstructed secret images by our method center around 39 dB, outperforming other recent methods.