Directed diffusion: a scalable and robust communication paradigm for sensor networks
MobiCom '00 Proceedings of the 6th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
GPSR: greedy perimeter stateless routing for wireless networks
MobiCom '00 Proceedings of the 6th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
The Impact of Data Aggregation in Wireless Sensor Networks
ICDCSW '02 Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems
Ad-hoc On-Demand Distance Vector Routing
WMCSA '99 Proceedings of the Second IEEE Workshop on Mobile Computer Systems and Applications
A Highly Adaptive Distributed Routing Algorithm for Mobile Wireless Networks
INFOCOM '97 Proceedings of the INFOCOM '97. Sixteenth Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies. Driving the Information Revolution
Wireless Sensor Networks: An Information Processing Approach
Wireless Sensor Networks: An Information Processing Approach
Simulating the power consumption of large-scale sensor network applications
SenSys '04 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
TAG: a Tiny AGgregation service for Ad-Hoc sensor networks
OSDI '02 Proceedings of the 5th symposium on Operating systems design and implementationCopyright restrictions prevent ACM from being able to make the PDFs for this conference available for downloading
Data Structures and Algorithm Analysis in C++ (3rd Edition)
Data Structures and Algorithm Analysis in C++ (3rd Edition)
An Online Heuristic for Maximum Lifetime Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks
IEEE Transactions on Computers
The use of agents in human learning systems
AAMAS '06 Proceedings of the fifth international joint conference on Autonomous agents and multiagent systems
An application-specific protocol architecture for wireless microsensor networks
IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
Handling large-scale node failures in mobile sensor/robot networks
Journal of Network and Computer Applications
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Wireless sensor network technology provides an opportunity for innovation. Their applications in urban environment have attracted many attentions recently. Due to the dynamic operational environment, the reliability and energy efficiency are two important criteria for the routing protocol designs of wireless sensor networks. This paper presents a heuristic study on fault tolerant and energy efficient routing algorithm for wireless sensor networks in street-based urban environment. The leveling algorithm, combined with the energy extension scheme, is presented as an effective routing protocol in the presence of malfunctioned nodes. A local optimization scheme is further proposed for energy efficiency, which is implemented only based on the neighboring nodes information. The simulation results show that the proposed technique achieves optimal fault tolerant performance provided a limited transmission range. The average energy consumption and the packet latency is also simulated and compared with the theoretical optimum solution generated based on the global routing information.