Vertical partitioning for database design: a graphical algorithm
SIGMOD '89 Proceedings of the 1989 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data
Principles of distributed database systems (2nd ed.)
Principles of distributed database systems (2nd ed.)
Don't Be Lazy, Be Consistent: Postgres-R, A New Way to Implement Database Replication
VLDB '00 Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Very Large Data Bases
Application specific data replication for edge services
WWW '03 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on World Wide Web
Denormalization Effects on Performance of RDBMS
HICSS '01 Proceedings of the 34th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences ( HICSS-34)-Volume 3 - Volume 3
Edgecomputing: extending enterprise applications to the edge of the internet
Proceedings of the 13th international World Wide Web conference on Alternate track papers & posters
Ganymed: scalable replication for transactional web applications
Proceedings of the 5th ACM/IFIP/USENIX international conference on Middleware
GlobeDB: autonomic data replication for web applications
WWW '05 Proceedings of the 14th international conference on World Wide Web
Dynamic Provisioning of Multi-tier Internet Applications
ICAC '05 Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Automatic Computing
A Conversation with Werner Vogels
Queue - AI
Denormalization strategies for data retrieval from data warehouses
Decision Support Systems
Globetp: template-based database replication for scalable web applications
Proceedings of the 16th international conference on World Wide Web
Consistency-preserving caching of dynamic database content
Proceedings of the 16th international conference on World Wide Web
Scalable, distributed data structures for internet service construction
OSDI'00 Proceedings of the 4th conference on Symposium on Operating System Design & Implementation - Volume 4
Analysis of Caching and Replication Strategies for Web Applications
IEEE Internet Computing
Dynamo: amazon's highly available key-value store
Proceedings of twenty-first ACM SIGOPS symposium on Operating systems principles
Bigtable: a distributed storage system for structured data
OSDI '06 Proceedings of the 7th symposium on Operating systems design and implementation
A survey on dynamic Web content generation and delivery techniques
Journal of Network and Computer Applications
Scalable Transactions for Web Applications in the Cloud
Euro-Par '09 Proceedings of the 15th International Euro-Par Conference on Parallel Processing
Engineering autonomic controllers for virtualized web applications
ICWE'10 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Web engineering
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Many techniques have been proposed to scale web applications. However, the data interdependencies between the database queries and transactions issued by the applications limit their efficiency. We claim that major scalability improvements can be gained by restructuring the web application data into multiple independent data services with exclusive access to their private data store. While this restructuring does not provide performance gains by itself, the implied simplification of each database workload allows a much more efficient use of classical techniques. We illustrate the data denormalization process on three benchmark applications: TPC-W, RUBiS and RUBBoS. We deploy the resulting service-oriented implementation of TPC-W across an 85-node cluster and show that restructuring its data can provide at least an order of magnitude improvement in the maximum sustainable throughput compared to master-slave database replication, while preserving strong consistency and transactional properties.