The emperor's new mind: concerning computers, minds, and the laws of physics
The emperor's new mind: concerning computers, minds, and the laws of physics
Sub-pixel alignment for direct-write electron beam lithography
Microelectronic Engineering - Proceedings of the 29th international conference on micro and nano engineering
Design of shapes for precise image registration
IEEE Transactions on Information Theory
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This paper examines the desirable properties of marker patterns for use in correlation-based alignment systems and demonstrates alignment accuracies of better than 1nm. A framework for evaluating different classes of marker patterns has been developed and a figure of merit for marker patterns used in correlation-based alignment has been defined. We show that Penrose tilings have many desirable properties for correlation-based alignment. An alignment system based on correlation and using marker patterns derived from Penrose tilings has been developed and implemented on a commercial Vistec VB6 UHR EWF electron beam lithography tool. A new method of measuring alignment at the sub-nm level using overlaid gratings and a Fourier Transform based analysis scheme is introduced.