Self-organization and associative memory: 3rd edition
Self-organization and associative memory: 3rd edition
Learning internal representations by error propagation
Parallel distributed processing: explorations in the microstructure of cognition, vol. 1
The roots of backpropagation: from ordered derivatives to neural networks and political forecasting
The roots of backpropagation: from ordered derivatives to neural networks and political forecasting
Mathematics and Computers in Simulation
Hybrid line simplification for cartographic generalization
Pattern Recognition Letters
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In line generalization, a first goal to achieve is the classification of features previous to the selection of processes and parameters. A feed forward backpropagation artificial neural network (ANN) is designed for classifying a set of road lines through a supervised learning process, attempting to emulate a classification performed by a human expert for cartographic generalization purposes. The main steps of the process are presented in this paper: (a) experimental data selection; (b) segmentation of lines into homogeneous sections, (c) sections enrichment through a set of quantitative measures derived from a principal component analysis, and qualitative information derived from road network and road type; (d) expert classification of the sections; and finally (e) the ANN design, training and validation. The quality of results is analyzed by means of error matrices after a cross-validation process giving a goodness, or percentage of agreement, over 83%.