Inferring (Biological) Signal Transduction Networks via Transitive Reductions of Directed Graphs

  • Authors:
  • Réka Albert;Bhaskar DasGupta;Riccardo Dondi;Eduardo Sontag

  • Affiliations:
  • Pennsylvania State University, Department of Physics, 16802, University Park, PA, USA;University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Computer Science, 60607, Chicago, IL, USA;Università degli Studi di Bergamo, Dipartimento di Scienze dei Linguaggi, della Comunicazione e degli Studi Culturali, 24129, Bergamo, IL, Italy;Rutgers University, Department of Mathematics, 08903, New Brunswick, NJ, USA

  • Venue:
  • Algorithmica
  • Year:
  • 2008

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Abstract

In this paper we consider the p-ary transitive reduction (TR p ) problem where p0 is an integer; for p=2 this problem arises in inferring a sparsest possible (biological) signal transduction network consistent with a set of experimental observations with a goal to minimize false positive inferences even if risking false negatives. Special cases of TR p have been investigated before in different contexts; the best previous results are as follows: The minimum equivalent digraph problem, that correspond to a special case of TR1 with no critical edges, is known to be MAX-SNP-hard, admits a polynomial time algorithm with an approximation ratio of 1.617+ε for any constant ε0 (Chiu and Liu in Sci. Sin. 4:1396–1400, 1965) and can be solved in linear time for directed acyclic graphs (Aho et al. in SIAM J. Comput. 1(2):131–137, 1972). A 2-approximation algorithm exists for TR1 (Frederickson and JàJà in SIAM J. Comput. 10(2):270–283, 1981; Khuller et al. in 19th Annual ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms, pp. 937–938, 1999). In this paper, our contributions are as follows: We observe that TRp, for any integer p0, can be solved in linear time for directed acyclic graphs using the ideas in Aho et al. (SIAM J. Comput. 1(2):131–137, 1972). We provide a 1.78-approximation for TR1 that improves the 2-approximation mentioned in (2) above. We provide a 2+o(1)-approximation for TRp on general graphs for any fixed prime p1.