ISICA'07 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Advances in computation and intelligence
A fast and elitist multiobjective genetic algorithm: NSGA-II
IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation
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EuroGP '09 Proceedings of the 12th European Conference on Genetic Programming
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Interplanetary trajectory optimization studies mostly considered a single objective of minimizing the travel time between two planets or the launch velocity of spacecraft at the departure planet. In this paper, we have considered a simultaneous minimization study of both launch velocity and time of travel between two specified planets with and without the use of gravitational advantage (swingby) of some intermediate planets. Using careful consideration of a Newton-Raphson based root finding procedure of developing a trajectory based on a given set of decision variables (departure date, swing-by planets, altitude of spacecraft at the first swing-by planet, etc.), a number of derived parameters such as time of flight between arrival and destination planet, date of arrival, and launch velocity are computed. A popularly used evolutionary multi-objective optimization algorithm (NSGA-II) is then employed to find a set of trade-off solutions. The accuracy of the developed software (we called GOSpel) is first demonstrated by matching the trajectories with known missions and then the efficiency of the software is shown by solving a number complex, real-world like missions.