The bits and flops of the n-hop multilateration primitive for node localization problems
WSNA '02 Proceedings of the 1st ACM international workshop on Wireless sensor networks and applications
Localization in sensor networks
Wireless sensor networks
Sensor networks for medical care
Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
Ad-hoc multicast routing on resource-limited sensor nodes
REALMAN '06 Proceedings of the 2nd international workshop on Multi-hop ad hoc networks: from theory to reality
XYZ: a motion-enabled, power aware sensor node platform for distributed sensor network applications
IPSN '05 Proceedings of the 4th international symposium on Information processing in sensor networks
Semidefinite programming based algorithms for sensor network localization
ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks (TOSN)
MoteTrack: a robust, decentralized approach to RF-based location tracking
Personal and Ubiquitous Computing
SpaseLoc: An Adaptive Subproblem Algorithm for Scalable Wireless Sensor Network Localization
SIAM Journal on Optimization
IEEE Communications Magazine
An event driven framework for assistive CPS environments
ACM SIGBED Review - Special Issue on the 2nd Joint Workshop on High Confidence Medical Devices, Software, and Systems (HCMDSS) and Medical Device Plug-and-Play (MD PnP) Interoperability
International Journal of Monitoring and Surveillance Technologies Research
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Accurate and efficient localization methods in sensor networks are critical to enabling a robust assistive environment where tracking human actions and interactions are needed to predict human behavior and prevent accidents. In this paper we describe an anchor-free localization approach where the sensor motes themselves determine their location without any given starting point or additional hardware. Instead, the location is discovered by allowing sensors to branch out through their connections to each other to establish maps that define their surroundings. We describe a Geographical Distributed Localization (GDL) algorithm which consists of a set of motes that compute local maps based on their hop counts from a special mote called bootstrap. In this paper, we provide a set of requirements for real world conditions, since GDL was developed and tested using the NS2 simulation system using synthetic data. It is now desired to test GDL in a real world assistive environment and generate a set of requirements that are useful in this and other settings. To do this, we chose Tmote Invent wireless sensors and designed ways to transfer the system from simulation to laboratory. Later, we used SunSPOT motes to continue the system. In this paper we report on specific features and requirements discovered that need to be taken into consideration to account for physical limitations of the sensors, when trying to move the system from one environment to another. Also, we provide new directions of research when mapping sensor localization to real-world environments, based on the given resources and the components available.