Nondeterministic exponential time has two-prover interactive protocols

  • Authors:
  • L. Babai;L. Fortnow;C. Lund

  • Affiliations:
  • Chicago Univ., IL, USA;Chicago Univ., IL, USA;Chicago Univ., IL, USA

  • Venue:
  • SFCS '90 Proceedings of the 31st Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science
  • Year:
  • 1990

Quantified Score

Hi-index 0.00

Visualization

Abstract

The exact power of two-prover interactive proof systems (MIP) introduced by M. Ben-Or et al. (Proc. 20th Symp. on Theory of Computing, 1988, p.113-31) is determined. In this system, two all-powerful noncommunicating provers convince a randomizing polynomial-time verifier in polynomial time that the input x belongs to the language L. It was previously suspected (and proved in a relativized sense) that coNP-complete languages do not admit such proof systems. In sharp contrast, it is shown that the class of languages having two-prover interactive proof systems is computable in nondeterministic exponential time (NEXP). This represents a further step demonstrating the unexpectedly immense power for randomization and interaction in efficient provability.