Enterprises as systems: Context, boundaries, and practical implications
Information-Knowledge-Systems Management
New processes for new horizons: the incremental commitment model
Proceedings of the 32nd ACM/IEEE International Conference on Software Engineering - Volume 2
Proceedings of the 33rd International Conference on Software Engineering
Constructing a general framework for systems engineering strategy
Systems Engineering
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This paper presents quantitative results on the return on investment of systems engineering (SE-ROI) from an analysis of the 161 software projects in the COCOMO II database. The analysis shows that, after normalizing for the effects of other cost drivers, the cost difference between projects doing a minimal job of software systems engineering— as measured by the thoroughness of its architecture definition and risk resolution— and projects doing a very thorough job was 18% for small projects and 92% for very large software projects as measured in lines of code. The paper also presents applications of these results to project experience in determining ‘‘how much up front systems engineering is enough’’ for baseline versions of smaller and larger software projects, for both ROI-driven internal projects and schedule-driven outsourced systems of systems projects. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Eng