A Theory for Multiresolution Signal Decomposition: The Wavelet Representation
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
A multiresolution watermark for digital images
ICIP '97 Proceedings of the 1997 International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP '97) 3-Volume Set-Volume 1 - Volume 1
Wavelet Packet Based Digital Watermarking
ICPR '00 Proceedings of the International Conference on Pattern Recognition - Volume 3
Achievable Performance of Digital Watermarking Systems
ICMCS '99 Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems - Volume 2
IEEE Transactions on Information Theory
Perceptual digital watermark of images using wavelet transform
IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics
Improved wavelet-based watermarking through pixel-wise masking
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
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In this paper, a robust digital image watermarking approach using adaptive quantization of wavelet packet coefficients was proposed. The original image is decomposed by discrete wavelet packet transform and the dominant wavelet coefficients are selected for watermark embedding from each sub-band except the lowest frequency one. Then, each watermark bit is adaptively embedded with different strength into the selected wavelet packet coefficients based on the odd or even value after quantization. Experimental results show that the proposed method is effective for copyright verification and robust to various common attacks such as Gaussian noise, JPEG compression, and without original image as references.