The capacity of the Hopfield associative memory
IEEE Transactions on Information Theory
A new family of multivalued networks
Neural Networks
An Efficient Multivalued Hopfield Network for the Traveling Salesman Problem
Neural Processing Letters
MREM: An associative autonomous recurrent network
Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems: Applications in Engineering and Technology - IBERAMIA '02
An N-parallel multivalued network: applications to the travelling salesman problem
IWANN'03 Proceedings of the Artificial and natural neural networks 7th international conference on Computational methods in neural modeling - Volume 1
On the problem of spurious patterns in neural associative memory models
IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks
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An extension to Hopfield's model of associative memory is studied in the present work. In particular, this paper is focused in giving solutions to the two main problems present in the model: the apparition of spurious patterns in the learning phase (implying the well-known and undesirable effect of storing the opposite pattern) and the problem of its reduced capacity (the probability of error in the retrieving phase increases as the number of stored patterns grows). In this work, a method to avoid spurious patterns is presented and studied, and an explanation to the previously mentioned effect is given. Another novel technique to increase the capacity of a network is proposed here, based on the idea of using several reference points when storing patterns. It is studied in depth, and an explicit formula for the capacity of the network is provided. This formula shows the linear dependence of the capacity of the new model on the number of reference points, implying the increase of the capacity in this model.