Automatic Analysis of Facial Expressions: The State of the Art
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Face Recognition Using Active Appearance Models
ECCV '98 Proceedings of the 5th European Conference on Computer Vision-Volume II - Volume II
FG '98 Proceedings of the 3rd. International Conference on Face & Gesture Recognition
Facial expression recognition from video sequences: temporal and static modeling
Computer Vision and Image Understanding - Special issue on Face recognition
A Facial Expression Recognition Approach Based on Confusion-Crossed Support Vector Machine Tree
IIH-MSP '06 Proceedings of the 2006 International Conference on Intelligent Information Hiding and Multimedia
Data Mining: Practical Machine Learning Tools and Techniques, Second Edition (Morgan Kaufmann Series in Data Management Systems)
CompSysTech '07 Proceedings of the 2007 international conference on Computer systems and technologies
Emotional facial expression classification for multimodal user interfaces
AMDO'06 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Articulated Motion and Deformable Objects
Towards hands-free interfaces based on real-time robust facial gesture recognition
AMDO'06 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Articulated Motion and Deformable Objects
Facial expression recognition based on the belief theory: comparison with different classifiers
ICIAP'05 Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Image Analysis and Processing
Bee royalty offspring algorithm for improvement of facial expressions classification model
International Journal of Bio-Inspired Computation
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An effective method for the automatic classification of facial expressions into emotional categories is presented. The system is able to classify the user facial expression in terms of the six Ekman's universal emotions (plus the neutral one), giving a membership confidence value to each emotional category. The method is capable of analysing any subject, male or female of any age and ethnicity. The classification strategy is based on a combination (weighted majority voting) of the five most used classifiers. Another significant difference with other works is that human assessment is taken into account in the evaluation of the results. The information obtained from the users classification makes it possible to verify the validity of our results and to increase the performance of our method.