Applied cryptography (2nd ed.): protocols, algorithms, and source code in C
Applied cryptography (2nd ed.): protocols, algorithms, and source code in C
Cryptanalysis of RC4-like Ciphers
SAC '98 Proceedings of the Selected Areas in Cryptography
Analysis Methods for (Alleged) RCA
ASIACRYPT '98 Proceedings of the International Conference on the Theory and Applications of Cryptology and Information Security: Advances in Cryptology
Statistical Analysis of the Alleged RC4 Keystream Generator
FSE '00 Proceedings of the 7th International Workshop on Fast Software Encryption
A Practical Attack on Broadcast RC4
FSE '01 Revised Papers from the 8th International Workshop on Fast Software Encryption
Efficient Reconstruction of RC4 Keys from Internal States
Fast Software Encryption
Two linear distinguishing attacks on VMPC and RC4A and weakness of RC4 family of stream ciphers
FSE'05 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Fast Software Encryption
Predicting and distinguishing attacks on RC4 keystream generator
EUROCRYPT'05 Proceedings of the 24th annual international conference on Theory and Applications of Cryptographic Techniques
Analysis of RC4 and Proposal of Additional Layers for Better Security Margin
INDOCRYPT '08 Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Cryptology in India: Progress in Cryptology
New Results on the Key Scheduling Algorithm of RC4
INDOCRYPT '08 Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Cryptology in India: Progress in Cryptology
On Reconstruction of RC4 Keys from Internal States
Mathematical Methods in Computer Science
On Some Sequences of the Secret Pseudo-random Index j in RC4 Key Scheduling
AAECC-18 '09 Proceedings of the 18th International Symposium on Applied Algebra, Algebraic Algorithms and Error-Correcting Codes
An analysis of the RC4 family of stream ciphers against algebraic attacks
AISC '10 Proceedings of the Eighth Australasian Conference on Information Security - Volume 105
Discovery and exploitation of new biases in RC4
SAC'10 Proceedings of the 17th international conference on Selected areas in cryptography
Statistical attack on RC4 distinguishing WPA
EUROCRYPT'11 Proceedings of the 30th Annual international conference on Theory and applications of cryptographic techniques: advances in cryptology
Attack on broadcast RC4 revisited
FSE'11 Proceedings of the 18th international conference on Fast software encryption
ACNS'11 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Applied cryptography and network security
A theoretical analysis of the structure of HC-128
IWSEC'11 Proceedings of the 6th International conference on Advances in information and computer security
Some combinatorial results towards state recovery attack on RC4
ICISS'11 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Information Systems Security
Proof of empirical RC4 biases and new key correlations
SAC'11 Proceedings of the 18th international conference on Selected Areas in Cryptography
On the evolution of GGHN cipher
INDOCRYPT'11 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Cryptology in India
Cryptanalysis of RC4(n, m) stream cipher
Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Security of Information and Networks
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The stream cipher RC4 was designed by R. Rivest in 1987, and it is a widely deployed cipher. In this paper we analyse the class RC4-Nof RC4-like stream ciphers, where Nis the modulus of operations, as well as the length of internal arrays. Our new attack is a state recovery attack which accepts the keystream of a certain length, and recovers the internal state. For the reduced RC4-100, our attack has total complexity of around 293operations, whereas the best previous attack (from Knudsen et al.) needs 2236of time.The complexity of the attack applied to the original RC4-256 depends on the parameters of specific states (patterns), which are in turn hard to discover. Extrapolated parameters from smaller patterns give us the attack of complexity about 2241, and it is much smaller than the complexity of the best known previous attack 2779. The algorithm of the new attack was implemented and verified on small cases.