Euclidean Sections of $\ell_1^N$ with Sublinear Randomness and Error-Correction over the Reals

  • Authors:
  • Venkatesan Guruswami;James R. Lee;Avi Wigderson

  • Affiliations:
  • Department of Comp. Sci. & Eng., University of Washington, and (on leave at) School of Mathematics, Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton,;Department of Comp. Sci. & Eng., University of Washington,;School of Mathematics, Institute for Advanced Study, , Princeton

  • Venue:
  • APPROX '08 / RANDOM '08 Proceedings of the 11th international workshop, APPROX 2008, and 12th international workshop, RANDOM 2008 on Approximation, Randomization and Combinatorial Optimization: Algorithms and Techniques
  • Year:
  • 2008

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Abstract

It is well-known that $\mathbb R^N$ has subspaces of dimension proportional to Non which the 茂戮驴1and 茂戮驴2norms are uniformly equivalent, but it is unknown how to construct them explicitly. We show that, for any 茂戮驴 0, such a subspace can be generated using only N茂戮驴random bits. This improves over previous constructions of Artstein-Avidan and Milman, and of Lovett and Sodin, which require O(NlogN), and O(N) random bits, respectively.Such subspaces are known to also yield error-correcting codes over the reals and compressed sensing matrices. Our subspaces are defined by the kernel of a relatively sparse matrix (with at most N茂戮驴non-zero entries per row), and thus enable compressed sensing in near-linear O(N1 + 茂戮驴) time.As in the work of Guruswami, Lee, and Razborov, our construction is the continuous analog of a Tanner code, and makes use of expander graphs to impose a collection of local linear constraints on vectors in the subspace. Our analysis is able to achieve uniformequivalence of the 茂戮驴1and 茂戮驴2norms (independent of the dimension). It has parallels to iterative decoding of Tanner codes, and leads to an analogous near-linear time algorithm for error-correction over reals.