Iconic indexing by 2-D strings
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Toward the semantic geospatial web
Proceedings of the 10th ACM international symposium on Advances in geographic information systems
Grounding spatial named entities for information extraction and question answering
HLT-NAACL-GEOREF '03 Proceedings of the HLT-NAACL 2003 workshop on Analysis of geographic references - Volume 1
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Geo-ontologies have a key role to play in the development of the geospatial-semantic web, with regard to facilitating the search for geographical information and resources. They normally hold large amounts of geographic information and undergo a continuous process of revision and update. This paper proposes a novel qualitative representation scheme to structure geo-ontology A-Boxes. The scheme captures two types of spatial relationships between geo-objects, namely, adjacency and orientation. It facilitates qualitative manipulation of the data and the efficient derivation of implicit information using spatial reasoning techniques.