Asymptotically optimal time synchronization in dense sensor networks
WSNA '03 Proceedings of the 2nd ACM international conference on Wireless sensor networks and applications
Timing-sync protocol for sensor networks
Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
Algorithmic aspects of the time synchronization problem in large-scale sensor networks
Mobile Networks and Applications
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Wireless sensor networks (WSN) consisting of a large number of tiny inexpensive sensor nodes are a viable solution for many problems in the field of building automation. In order to meet the energy constraints, the nodes have to operate according to an extremely low duty cycle schedule. In such a scenario the reduction of the synchronization error, at least among directly communicating nodes, is a crucial functionality of the MAC layer. We propose a time synchronization mechanism based on the usage of a Kalman Filter (KF) on a smoothed sequence of measured beacon intervals. A side effect of this method is the introduction of a global clock synchronization. The implementation of the proposed solution is feasible on sensor devices with minimum processor, memory and energy capacity.