Tabulating the Heavens: Computing the Nautical Almanac in 18th-Century England

  • Authors:
  • Mary Croarken

  • Affiliations:
  • University of Warwick

  • Venue:
  • IEEE Annals of the History of Computing
  • Year:
  • 2003

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Abstract

The question of how to accurately find longitude at sea was hotly debated in the mid-1700s. This article describes the lunar distance method, promoted by Nevil Maskelyne, the British Astronomer Royal. In 1767, Maskelyne began publishing the Nautical Almanac, which contained astronomical tables prepared by a small network of human computers during the period 1765-1809. This article will describe the computing system Maskelyne created to compute the necessary tables.