Effective Java programming language guide
Effective Java programming language guide
Object and reference immutability using Java generics
Proceedings of the the 6th joint meeting of the European software engineering conference and the ACM SIGSOFT symposium on The foundations of software engineering
Practical pluggable types for java
ISSTA '08 Proceedings of the 2008 international symposium on Software testing and analysis
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Immutability information is useful in many software engineering tasks, such as modeling, verification, optimization, and refactoring. Furthermore, undesired mutation or side-effect are hard to detect and debug. This paper describes a javac plug-in that enables programmers to write immutability annotations in a Java program to detect and prevent bugs. The IGJ annotations are rich and flexible; the tools are scalable; case studies show they are effective and easy to use; and the annotated program remains compilable with a standard compiler.