The annotated C++ reference manual
The annotated C++ reference manual
OOPSLA/ECOOP '90 Proceedings of the European conference on object-oriented programming on Object-oriented programming systems, languages, and applications
Eiffel: the language
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Multiple inheritance has long been plagued with the "diamond" inheritance problem, spurring a variety of solutions, such as virtual inheritance, mixins and traits. We offer a different solution: a language that supports multiple inheritance but forbids diamond inheritance. We maintain expressiveness through a "requires" construct (inspired by Scala) that provides subtyping without inheritance diamonds. Our novel no-diamond restriction offers the benefit of allowing multiple inheritance to co-exist neatly with fields, without resorting to tactics such as virtual inheritance. We believe our solution is more expressive than previous attempts to solve the diamond inheritance problem.