SMALLTALK-80: the interactive programming environment
SMALLTALK-80: the interactive programming environment
Nested transactions: an approach to reliable distributed computing
Nested transactions: an approach to reliable distributed computing
Concurrency control and recovery in database systems
Concurrency control and recovery in database systems
SIGMOD '87 Proceedings of the 1987 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data
The Byzantine Generals Problem
ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems (TOPLAS)
The notions of consistency and predicate locks in a database system
Communications of the ACM
Uniform Leader Election Protocols for Radio Networks
IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems
Transaction Processing: Concepts and Techniques
Transaction Processing: Concepts and Techniques
Wireless sensor networks: a survey
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
Computer
SRDS '98 Proceedings of the The 17th IEEE Symposium on Reliable Distributed Systems
Understanding Replication in Databases and Distributed Systems
ICDCS '00 Proceedings of the The 20th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems ( ICDCS 2000)
Geometric Broadcast Protocol for Sensor and Actor Networks
AINA '05 Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications - Volume 1
A distributed coordination framework for wireless sensor and actor networks
Proceedings of the 6th ACM international symposium on Mobile ad hoc networking and computing
A Fault-Tolerant Model ofWireless Sensor-Actor Network
ISORC '06 Proceedings of the Ninth IEEE International Symposium on Object and Component-Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing
A Formal Model of Crash Recovery in a Distributed System
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
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In a wireless sensor and actuator network (WSAN), a group of sensor nodes, actuators, and actuation devices is geographically distributed and linked by wireless networks. Sensor nodes gather information for an event occurring in the physical world and send the sensed values to actuator nodes. Actuator nodes perform appropriate actions on actuation devices on receipt of sensed values from sensor nodes. Sensor nodes are a low cost, low-powered device with limited energy, computation, and wireless communication capabilities. Sensor nodes may suffer from arbitrary faults. Furthermore, wireless communications are unreliable due to collision and noise of a wireless channel and shortage of power of sensor nodes. Reliable efficient communication among sensor nodes, actuator nodes, and actuation devices is required in the presence of node and network faults. In order to realize the reliability and efficiency, we newly propose a multi-actuator/multi-sensor (MAMS) model where each sensor node sends sensed values to multiple actuator nodes and each actuator node receives sensed values from multiple sensor nodes for each event occurring in an event area. Even if some number of sensor nodes and actuator nodes are faulty and messages sent by sensor nodes and actuator nodes are lost, a required action can be performed on actuation devices. Actuator nodes are required to receive some messages from some number of sensor nodes to make a decision on what actions to be performed on actuation devices. Here, multiple actuator nodes may perform actions on receipt of sensed values. Multiple redundant executions of an action on each device have to be prevented and conflicting actions on each actuation device from multiple actuators have to be serialized. In this paper, we discuss a method to reliably and non-redundantly perform actions. On the other hand, there is one primary actuator node and multiple backup actuator nodes in the passive model. Only the primary actuator node performs actions. In this paper, we present a semi-passive coordination (SPC) model where not only primary but also backup actuator nodes receive messages from sensor nodes. Only one actuator node performs an action on an actuation device and a backup actuator node takes over the primary one if the primary gets faulty. In addition, multiple actuator nodes issue actions to each actuation device. We discuss how to resolve redundant execution of an action on an actuation device and serialize conflicting actions from multiple actuator nodes.