The official PGP user's guide
PARADISE: a framework for evaluating spoken dialogue agents
ACL '98 Proceedings of the 35th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and Eighth Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics
Non-verbal cues for discourse structure
ACL '01 Proceedings of the 39th Annual Meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics
Why Johnny can't encrypt: a usability evaluation of PGP 5.0
SSYM'99 Proceedings of the 8th conference on USENIX Security Symposium - Volume 8
A "person" in the interface: effects on user perceptions of multibiometrics
EmbodiedNLP '07 Proceedings of the Workshop on Embodied Language Processing
Design and validation of ECA gestures to improve dialogue system robustness
EmbodiedNLP '07 Proceedings of the Workshop on Embodied Language Processing
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In this article we present a research scheme which aims to analyze the use of Embodied Conversational Agent (ECA) technology to improve the robustness and acceptability of speaker enrolment and verification dialogues designed to provide secure access through natural and intuitive speaker recognition. In order to find out the possible effects of the visual information channel provided by the ECA, tests were carried out in which users were divided into two groups, each interacting with a different interface (metaphor): an ECA Metaphor group -with an ECA-, and a VOICE Metaphor group -without an ECA-. Our evaluation methodology is based on the ITU-T P.851 recommendation for spoken dialogue system evaluation, which we have complemented to cover particular aspects with regard to the two major extra elements we have incorporated: secure access and an ECA. Our results suggest that likeability-type factors and system capabilities are perceived more positively by the ECA metaphor users than by the VOICE metaphor users. However, the ECA's presence seems to intensify users' privacy concerns.