Computer
User technology—from pointing to pondering
HPW '86 Proceedings of the ACM Conference on The history of personal workstations
Plans and situated actions: the problem of human-machine communication
Plans and situated actions: the problem of human-machine communication
The sciences of the artificial (3rd ed.)
The sciences of the artificial (3rd ed.)
A quantitative model of the learning and performance of text editing knowledge
CHI '85 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Details of command-language keystrokes
ACM Transactions on Information Systems (TOIS)
The Architecture of Cognition
Human Factor: Designing Computer Systems for People
Human Factor: Designing Computer Systems for People
The Psychology of Human-Computer Interaction
The Psychology of Human-Computer Interaction
Learning text editor semantics by analogy
CHI '83 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Learning to text edit: semantics in procedural skill acquisition
Learning to text edit: semantics in procedural skill acquisition
A user-tracing architecture for modeling interaction with the world wide web
Proceedings of the Working Conference on Advanced Visual Interfaces
Conceptualizing a possible discipline of human-computer interaction
Interacting with Computers
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Carroll and Campbell have exercised themselves over a straw man not subscribed to by us. In the process, our position has not been accurately represented. In reply, we restate as clearly as we can the position for which we actually did and do argue. The underlying issue seems to concern the advantages of using technical psychological theories to identify underlying mechanisms in human-computer interaction. We argue that such theories are an important part of a science of human-computer interaction. We argue further that technical theories must be considered in the context of the uses to which they are put. The use of a theory helps determine what is a good approximation, the degree of formalization that is justified, and the appropriate commingling of qualitative and quantitative techniques. Technical theories encourage cumulative progress by abetting the classical scientific heuristic of divide and conquer.