Weak ε-nets and interval chains

  • Authors:
  • Noga Alon;Haim Kaplan;Gabriel Nivasch;Micha Sharir;Shakhar Smorodinsky

  • Affiliations:
  • Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel;Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel;Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel;Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel;Ben-Gurion University, Be'er Sheva, Israel

  • Venue:
  • Journal of the ACM (JACM)
  • Year:
  • 2008

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Abstract

We construct weak ε-nets of almost linear size forcertain types of point sets. Specifically, for planar point sets inconvex position we construct weak 1/r-nets of size O(rα(r)),where α(r) denotes the inverse Ackermann function. For pointsets along the moment curve in ℝd we constructweak 1/r-nets of size r · 2poly(α(r)),where the degree of the polynomial in the exponent depends(quadratically) on d.Our constructions result from a reduction to a new problem,which we call stabbing interval chains with j-tuples. Given therange of integers N = [1, n], an interval chain of length k is asequence of k consecutive, disjoint, nonempty intervals containedin N. A j-tuple $\bar{P}$ = (p1,…,pj) is said to stab aninterval chain C = I1…Ik if eachpi falls on a different interval of C. The problem is toconstruct a small-size family Z of j-tuples that stabs allk-interval chains in N.Let z(j)k(n) denote the minimum size ofsuch a family Z. We derive almost-tight upper and lower bounds forz(j)k(n) for every fixed j; our boundsinvolve functions αm(n) of the inverse Ackermannhierarchy. Specifically, we show that for j = 3 we havez(3)k(n) =Θ(nα$\lfloor$k/2$\rfloor$(n)) for all k ≥6. For each j≥4, we construct a pair of functionsPʹj(m), Qʹj(m), almost equalasymptotically, such that z(j)Pʹj(m)(n)= O(nαm(n)) andz(j)Qʹj(m)(n) =Ω(nαm(n)).