httperf—a tool for measuring web server performance
ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review
Numerical Computation of Sojourn-Time Distributions in Queuing Networks
Journal of the ACM (JACM)
Performance Guarantees for Web Server End-Systems: A Control-Theoretical Approach
IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems
Session-Based Admission Control: A Mechanism for Peak Load Management of Commercial Web Sites
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Optimal retrial and timeout strategies for accessing network resources
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
PRISM: Probabilistic Symbolic Model Checker
TOOLS '02 Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Computer Performance Evaluation, Modelling Techniques and Tools
Overload control in QoS-aware web servers
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking - Small and home networks
Adaptive Resource-based Web Server Admission Control
ISCC '02 Proceedings of the Seventh International Symposium on Computers and Communications (ISCC'02)
Detecting Timed-Out Client Requests for Avoiding Livelock and Improving Web Server Performance
ISCC '00 Proceedings of the Fifth IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications (ISCC 2000)
On queueing with customer impatience until the beginning of service
IPDS '96 Proceedings of the 2nd International Computer Performance and Dependability Symposium (IPDS '96)
On Queuing with Customer Impatience until the End of Service
IPDS '00 Proceedings of the 4th International Computer Performance and Dependability Symposium
A method for transparent admission control and request scheduling in e-commerce web sites
Proceedings of the 13th international conference on World Wide Web
An analytical model for multi-tier internet services and its applications
SIGMETRICS '05 Proceedings of the 2005 ACM SIGMETRICS international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems
Experimental analysis of the correlation of HTTP GET invocations
EPEW'06 Proceedings of the Third European conference on Formal Methods and Stochastic Models for Performance Evaluation
Journal of Systems and Software
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A Web server, when overloaded, shows a severe degradation of goodput initially, with the eventual settling of goodput as load increases further. Traditional performance models have failed to capture this behavior. In this paper, we propose an analytical model, which is a two-stage and layered queuing model of the Web server, which is able to reproduce this behavior. We do this by explicitly modelling the overhead processing, the user abandonment and retry behavior, and the contention for resources, for the FIFO and LIFO queuing disciplines. We show that LIFO provides better goodput in most overload situations. We compare our model predictions with experimental results from a test bed and find that our results match well with measurements.