The vocabulary problem in human-system communication
Communications of the ACM
A behavioural model for information retrieval system design
Journal of Information Science
Using collaborative filtering to weave an information tapestry
Communications of the ACM - Special issue on information filtering
The cost structure of sensemaking
CHI '93 Proceedings of the INTERACT '93 and CHI '93 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Users, user interfaces, and objects: Envision, a digital library
Journal of the American Society for Information Science
Characterizing browsing strategies in the World-Wide Web
Proceedings of the Third International World-Wide Web conference on Technology, tools and applications
Information seeking in electronic environments
Information seeking in electronic environments
Which way now? Analysing and easing inadequacies in WWW navigation
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
GroupLens: applying collaborative filtering to Usenet news
Communications of the ACM
Browsing is a collaborative process
Information Processing and Management: an International Journal
Remote usability evaluation: can users report their own critical incidents?
CHI 98 Cconference Summary on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces
ACM SIGIR Forum
Dogear: Social bookmarking in the enterprise
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
What goes around comes around: an analysis of del.icio.us as social space
CSCW '06 Proceedings of the 2006 20th anniversary conference on Computer supported cooperative work
Can social bookmarking enhance search in the web?
Proceedings of the 7th ACM/IEEE-CS joint conference on Digital libraries
SearchTogether: an interface for collaborative web search
Proceedings of the 20th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Web Personalisation Through Incremental Individual Profiling and Support-based User Segmentation
WI '07 Proceedings of the IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence
Can social bookmarking improve web search?
WSDM '08 Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining
Crowdsourcing user studies with Mechanical Turk
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Augmented information assimilation: social and algorithmic web aids for the information long tail
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
CoSearch: a system for co-located collaborative web search
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
A survey of collaborative web search practices
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
SparTag.us: a low cost tagging system for foraging of web content
AVI '08 Proceedings of the working conference on Advanced visual interfaces
Signpost from the masses: learning effects in an exploratory social tag search browser
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Exploring the cognitive consequences of social search
CHI '09 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Individual and social behavior in tagging systems
Proceedings of the 20th ACM conference on Hypertext and hypermedia
Proceedings of the 2009 ACM SIGMOD International Conference on Management of data
Social search and need-driven knowledge sharing in Wikis with Woogle
Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Wikis and Open Collaboration
Human Flesh Search Model Incorporating Network Expansion and GOSSIP with Feedback
DS-RT '09 Proceedings of the 2009 13th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Distributed Simulation and Real Time Applications
Supporting exploratory information seeking by epistemology-based social search
Proceedings of the 15th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces
Proceedings of the international conference on Multimedia information retrieval
Effects of popularity and quality on the usage of query suggestions during information search
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Tools-at-hand and learning in multi-session, collaborative search
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
What do people ask their social networks, and why?: a survey study of status message q&a behavior
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Who are the crowdworkers?: shifting demographics in mechanical turk
CHI '10 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Cognitive models of user behavior in social information systems
CHI '10 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
The anatomy of a large-scale social search engine
Proceedings of the 19th international conference on World wide web
Exploring the use of crowdsourcing to support empirical studies in software engineering
Proceedings of the 2010 ACM-IEEE International Symposium on Empirical Software Engineering and Measurement
Information Processing and Management: an International Journal
Soylent: a word processor with a crowd inside
UIST '10 Proceedings of the 23nd annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
How to share your favourite search results while preserving privacy and quality
PETS'10 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Privacy enhancing technologies
Questions are content: a taxonomy of questions in a microblogging environment
Proceedings of the 73rd ASIS&T Annual Meeting on Navigating Streams in an Information Ecosystem - Volume 47
ScatterTouch: a multi touch rubber sheet scatter plot visualization for co-located data exploration
ACM International Conference on Interactive Tabletops and Surfaces
Knowledge Aggregation in Human Flesh Search
GREENCOM-CPSCOM '10 Proceedings of the 2010 IEEE/ACM Int'l Conference on Green Computing and Communications & Int'l Conference on Cyber, Physical and Social Computing
Browse and discover: social file sharing in the enterprise
Proceedings of the ACM 2011 conference on Computer supported cooperative work
Estimation methods for ranking recent information
Proceedings of the 34th international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in Information Retrieval
Evolving social search based on bookmarks and status messages from social networks
Proceedings of the 20th ACM international conference on Information and knowledge management
I can't tell you what i found: problems in multi-level collaborative information retrieval
Proceedings of the 3rd international workshop on Collaborative information retrieval
Collaborative information seeking by the numbers
Proceedings of the 3rd international workshop on Collaborative information retrieval
Social and behavioural media access
SBNMA '11 Proceedings of the 2011 ACM workshop on Social and behavioural networked media access
Searching the village: models and methods for social search
Communications of the ACM
Tie strength in question & answer on social network sites
Proceedings of the ACM 2012 conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work
Proceedings of the 21st international conference companion on World Wide Web
Distributed sensemaking: improving sensemaking by leveraging the efforts of previous users
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Twiage: a game for finding good advice on twitter
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Social annotations in web search
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Participatory design of social search experiences
CHI '12 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
A mathematical model for human flesh search engine
APWeb'12 Proceedings of the 14th international conference on Web Technologies and Applications
Conversation retrieval for microblogging sites
Information Retrieval
Spatial context in collaborative information seeking
Journal of Information Science
Collaborative search revisited
Proceedings of the 2013 conference on Computer supported cooperative work
Factors influencing the response rate in social question and answering behavior
Proceedings of the 2013 conference on Computer supported cooperative work
Social media question asking workshop
Proceedings of the 2013 conference on Computer supported cooperative work companion
Questions about questions: an empirical analysis of information needs on Twitter
Proceedings of the 22nd international conference on World Wide Web
Standing on the schemas of giants: socially augmented information foraging
Proceedings of the 17th ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work & social computing
Proceedings of the 17th ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work & social computing
Survey of social search from the perspectives of the village paradigm and online social networks
Journal of Information Science
Social discovery in an information abundant world: Designing to create capacity and seek solutions
Information Services and Use - NFAIS 2011 and APE 2011
Social discovery in an information abundant world: Designing to create capacity and seek solutions
Information Services and Use - NFAIS 2011 and APE 2011
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Search engine researchers typically depict search as the solitary activity of an individual searcher. In contrast, results from our critical-incident survey of 150 users on Amazon's Mechanical Turk service suggest that social interactions play an important role throughout the search process. Our main contribution is that we have integrated models from previous work in sensemaking and information seeking behavior to present a canonical social model of user activities before, during, and after search, suggesting where in the search process both explicitly and implicitly shared information may be valuable to individual searchers.