The Relational Polynomial-Time Hierarchy and Second-Order Logic

  • Authors:
  • Flavio A. Ferrarotti;José M. Turull Torres

  • Affiliations:
  • Information Systems, Department of Management College of Business, Massey University,;School of Engineering and Advanced Technology College of Sciences, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand

  • Venue:
  • Semantics in Data and Knowledge Bases
  • Year:
  • 2008

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Abstract

We explore the connection between the concept of relational complexity introduced by S. Abiteboul, M. Vardi and V. Vianu and the restricted second-order logic SO 茂戮驴 introduced by A. Dawar. In relational complexity, the basis for measuring the complexity of computing queries with relational machines, is the number of different FO k-types realized by the input database. In SO 茂戮驴, the second-order quantifiers range over relations that are closed under equality of FO k-types of k-tuples. We give a direct proof (in the style of the proof of Fagin's theorem) of the result of A. Dawar on the fact that the existential fragment of SO 茂戮驴 captures relationalNP. Then we define formally the concept of relational machine with relational oracleand show the exact correspondence between the prenex fragments of SO 茂戮驴 and the levels of the relationalpolynomial-time hierarchy.