The Influence of Working-Memory Demand and Subject Performance on Prefrontal Cortical Activity
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
Imaging Cognition II: An Empirical Review of 275 PET and fMRI Studies
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
Age Differences in the Frontal Lateralization of Verbal and Spatial Working Memory Revealed by PET
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
Brain Basis of Developmental Change in Visuospatial Working Memory
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
Generating a two-phase lesson for guiding beginners to learn basic dance movements
Computers & Education
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
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A core aspect of working memory (WM) is the capacity to maintain goal-relevant information in mind, but little is known about how this capacity develops in the human brain. We compared brain activation, via fMRI, between children (ages 7-12 years) and adults (ages 20-29 years) performing tests of verbal and spatial WM with varying amounts (loads) of information to be maintained in WM. Children made disproportionately more errors than adults as WM load increased. Children and adults exhibited similar hemispheric asymmetry in activation, greater on the right for spatial WM and on the left for verbal WM. Children, however, failed to exhibit the same degree of increasing activation across WM loads as was exhibited by adults in multiple frontal and parietal cortical regions. Thus, children exhibited adult-like hemispheric specialization, but appeared immature in their ability to marshal the neural resources necessary to maintain large amounts of verbal or spatial information in WM.