Practical methods of optimization; (2nd ed.)
Practical methods of optimization; (2nd ed.)
Random early detection gateways for congestion avoidance
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
Proceedings of the conference on Applications, Technologies, Architectures, and Protocols for Computer Communication
Analysis and design of an adaptive virtual queue (AVQ) algorithm for active queue management
Proceedings of the 2001 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications
ACM Transactions on Modeling and Computer Simulation (TOMACS)
An adaptive virtual queue (AVQ) algorithm for active queue management
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
ACM Transactions on Modeling and Computer Simulation (TOMACS)
Operations Research: An Introduction (8th Edition)
Operations Research: An Introduction (8th Edition)
Adaptive Newton-based multivariate smoothed functional algorithms for simulation optimization
ACM Transactions on Modeling and Computer Simulation (TOMACS)
IEEE Network: The Magazine of Global Internetworking
A proof of convergence of the B-RED and P-RED algorithms for random early detection
IEEE Communications Letters
Optimal multi-layered congestion based pricing schemes for enhanced QoS
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
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The random early detection (RED) technique has seen a lot of research over the years. However, the functional relationship between RED performance and its parameters viz., queue weight (w"q), marking probability (max"p), minimum threshold (min"t"h) and maximum threshold (max"t"h) is not analytically available. In this paper, we formulate a probabilistic constrained optimization problem by assuming a nonlinear relationship between the RED average queue length and its parameters. This problem involves all the RED parameters as the variables of the optimization problem. We use the barrier and the penalty function approaches for its solution. However (as above), the exact functional relationship between the barrier and penalty objective functions and the optimization variable is not known, but noisy samples of these are available for different parameter values. Thus, for obtaining the gradient and Hessian of the objective, we use certain recently developed simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation (SPSA) based estimates of these. We propose two four-timescale stochastic approximation algorithms based on certain modified second-order SPSA updates for finding the optimum RED parameters. We present the results of detailed simulation experiments conducted over different network topologies and network/traffic conditions/settings, comparing the performance of our algorithms with variants of RED and a few other well known adaptive queue management (AQM) techniques discussed in the literature.