Smalltalk-80: the language and its implementation
Smalltalk-80: the language and its implementation
AFIPS '75 Proceedings of the May 19-22, 1975, national computer conference and exposition
The star user interface: an overview
AFIPS '82 Proceedings of the June 7-10, 1982, national computer conference
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In 1979 Apple began to develop Lisa, a workstation to enhance the productivity of office workers. The hardware was built around a Motorola 68000, a bit-mapped display, and a mouse. The user interface is intuitive, using real-world concepts rather than computer concepts. It is easy to learn, and provides for both novice users still learning the system and users that have mastered the system. The user interface is modeless and consistent. The uniformity of the user interface supports transferable learning---the ability to learn an operation once and apply it over and over again in another application in a different context. The user interface also supports data interchange among documents of the same or different types. This interchange of data, coupled with the multitasking operating system and the multiple windows of the Lisa, permits the use of several tools to perform a task that one tool alone could not accomplish. The Lisa user interface and its applications provide an environment that allows the user to concentrate on what is to be accomplished rather than on how to accomplish it. In this way, Lisa provides tools to improve the productivity of the office worker.