ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
A study of the effect of user program optimization in a paging system
SOSP '67 Proceedings of the first ACM symposium on Operating System Principles
The evaluation of a time-sharing page demand system
AFIPS '72 (Spring) Proceedings of the May 16-18, 1972, spring joint computer conference
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As the use of virtual memory becomes more and more accepted, the problem of effective storage management becomes more and more important. To date most efforts to optimize the use of memory have been directed at devising memory management strategies at the operating system level that minimize the number of page faults. For example, Comeau has shown that the loading sequence of subroutines can have a considerable effect on paging activity. Hence page-fault-optimizing loaders, linkage editors and compilers have been proposed. Although the concepts of "locality" and "working set" have been known for some time (c.f. Denning), little effort has been made to provide the programmer with suitable tools for making his programs "more local". This seems to stem from the fact that, short of notions of "modular coding", little is known about what sorts of programming habits actually result in local code. Consequently, most optimization techniques used to date have assumed that user programs were an unmodifiable input to the operating system.