Distributing streaming media content using cooperative networking
NOSSDAV '02 Proceedings of the 12th international workshop on Network and operating systems support for digital audio and video
Scalable application layer multicast
Proceedings of the 2002 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications
Pastry: Scalable, Decentralized Object Location, and Routing for Large-Scale Peer-to-Peer Systems
Middleware '01 Proceedings of the IFIP/ACM International Conference on Distributed Systems Platforms Heidelberg
Bullet: high bandwidth data dissemination using an overlay mesh
SOSP '03 Proceedings of the nineteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
SplitStream: high-bandwidth multicast in cooperative environments
SOSP '03 Proceedings of the nineteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
Establishing the viability of end system multicast using a systems approach to protocol design
Establishing the viability of end system multicast using a systems approach to protocol design
On the frame forwarding in peer-to-peer multimedia streaming
Proceedings of the ACM workshop on Advances in peer-to-peer multimedia streaming
The Effect of Frame Freezing and Frame Skipping on Video Quality
IIH-MSP '06 Proceedings of the 2006 International Conference on Intelligent Information Hiding and Multimedia
Challenges and Approaches in Large-Scale P2P Media Streaming
IEEE MultiMedia
Chunkyspread: Heterogeneous Unstructured Tree-Based Peer-to-Peer Multicast
ICNP '06 Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE International Conference on Network Protocols
NSYNC: network synchronization for peer-to-peer streaming overlay construction
Proceedings of the 2006 international workshop on Network and operating systems support for digital audio and video
A case for end system multicast
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
A peer-to-peer architecture for media streaming
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
Intrastream synchronization for continuous media streams: a survey of playout schedulers
IEEE Network: The Magazine of Global Internetworking
Minimizing node churn in peer-to-peer streaming
Computer Communications
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In this paper we examine the impact of the adopted playout policy on the performance of P2P live streaming systems. We argue and demonstrate experimentally that (popular) playout policies which permit the divergence of the playout points of different nodes can deteriorate drastically the performance of P2P live streaming. Consequently, we argue in favor of keeping different playout points ''near-in-time'', even if this requires sacrificing (dropping) some late frames that could otherwise be rendered (assuming no strict bidirectional interactivity requirements are in place). Such nearly synchronized playout policies create ''positive correlation'' with respect to the available frames at different playout buffers. Therefore, they increase the number of upstream relay nodes from which a node can pull frames and thus boost the playout quality of both single-parent (tree) and multiple-parent (mesh) systems. On the contrary, diverging playout points reduce the number of upstream parents that can offer a gapless relay of the stream. This is clearly undesirable and should be avoided as it contradicts the fundamental philosophy of P2P systems which is to supplement an original service point with as many additional ones presented by the very own users of the service.