Information Hiding Techniques for Steganography and Digital Watermarking
Information Hiding Techniques for Steganography and Digital Watermarking
Fragile image watermarking using a gradient image for improved localization and security
Pattern Recognition Letters
A watermarking-based image ownership and tampering authentication scheme
Pattern Recognition Letters
Hiding Data Reversibly in an Image via Increasing Differences between Two Neighboring Pixels
IEICE - Transactions on Information and Systems
Reversible data embedding using a difference expansion
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
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Fragile watermarking techniques are widely applied to protect the ownership of digital media. For learning materials, high-quality images can enhance learning efficiency. This study presents a reversible fragile watermarking scheme with two-level blocks for e-Learning media based on histogram shifting techniques. The method can validate the integrity of the protected image while maintaining the high quality of the protected image. Experimental results reveal that each test-marked image maintained its high image quality. Furthermore, the proposed method can detect and locate the blocks that have been tampered with.