Morphically primitive words

  • Authors:
  • Daniel Reidenbach;Johannes C. Schneider

  • Affiliations:
  • Department of Computer Science, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, United Kingdom;Fachbereich Informatik, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, Postfach 3049, 67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany

  • Venue:
  • Theoretical Computer Science
  • Year:
  • 2009

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Abstract

In the present paper, we introduce an alternative notion of the primitivity of words, that-unlike the standard understanding of this term-is not based on the power (and, hence, the concatenation) of words, but on morphisms. For any alphabet @S, we call a word w@?@S^*morphically imprimitive provided that there are a shorter word v and morphisms h,h^':@S^*-@S^* satisfying h(v)=w and h^'(w)=v, and we say that w is morphically primitive otherwise. We explain why this is a well-chosen terminology, we demonstrate that morphic (im-) primitivity of words is a vital attribute in many combinatorial domains based on finite words and morphisms, and we study a number of fundamental properties of the concepts under consideration.