A logical approach to asymptotic combinatorics II: monadic second-order properties
Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series A
The expression of graph properties and graph transformations in monadic second-order logic
Handbook of graph grammars and computing by graph transformation
Back and forth between guarded and modal logics
ACM Transactions on Computational Logic (TOCL)
Separation Logic: A Logic for Shared Mutable Data Structures
LICS '02 Proceedings of the 17th Annual IEEE Symposium on Logic in Computer Science
A Spatial Logic for Querying Graphs
ICALP '02 Proceedings of the 29th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming
Expressiveness and complexity of graph logic
Information and Computation
CSL '08 Proceedings of the 22nd international workshop on Computer Science Logic
On the expressive power of graph logic
CSL'06 Proceedings of the 20th international conference on Computer Science Logic
Adjunct elimination through games in static ambient logic
FSTTCS'04 Proceedings of the 24th international conference on Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science
Information and Computation
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Graph logic (GL) is a spatial logic for querying graphs introduced by Cardelli et al. It has been observed that in terms of expressive power, this logic is a fragment of Monadic Second Order Logic (MSO), with quantification over sets of edges. We show that the containment is proper by exhibiting a property that is not GL definable but is definable in MSO, even in the absence of quantification over labels. Moreover, this holds when the graphs are restricted to be forests and thus strengthens in several ways a result of Marcinkowski. As a consequence we also obtain that Separation Logic, with a separating conjunction but without the magic wand, is strictly weaker than MSO over memory heaps, settling an open question of Brochenin et al.