The broadcast storm problem in a mobile ad hoc network
MobiCom '99 Proceedings of the 5th annual ACM/IEEE international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Role-based multicast in highly mobile but sparsely connected ad hoc networks
MobiHoc '00 Proceedings of the 1st ACM international symposium on Mobile ad hoc networking & computing
Broadcast reception rates and effects of priority access in 802.11-based vehicular ad-hoc networks
Proceedings of the 1st ACM international workshop on Vehicular ad hoc networks
ExOR: opportunistic multi-hop routing for wireless networks
Proceedings of the 2005 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications
Analysis of multi-hop emergency message propagation in vehicular ad hoc networks
Proceedings of the 8th ACM international symposium on Mobile ad hoc networking and computing
Overhaul of ieee 802.11 modeling and simulation in ns-2
Proceedings of the 10th ACM Symposium on Modeling, analysis, and simulation of wireless and mobile systems
Broadcast storm mitigation techniques in vehicular ad hoc networks
IEEE Wireless Communications
Emergency braking: a study of network and application performance
VANET '11 Proceedings of the Eighth ACM international workshop on Vehicular inter-networking
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Multi-hop broadcast is an important means to disseminate safety information like time-sensitive emergency messages (EMs) in Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs). Providing low-latency, high-coverage and scalable multi-hop EM broadcast is a hard task in VANET with unreliable links. The major challenge comes from that fact that the link-layer broadcast uses unreliable transmissions, i.e., no positive feedback to acknowledge the reception of the message. Many existing works have used redundant relay nodes to enhance the reliability of broadcast packet reception. However they often involve more relays than it is necessary, which increases the network load and undermines the scalability of the protocol. Moreover, large latency is often incurred due to coarse protocol design. In this paper, we propose a new EM broadcast scheme that uses a small number of relays to achieve fast multi-hop EM propagation, at the same time to maintain a high level of transmission reliability, i.e., a minimum packet reception probability (PRP). Two types of relays are introduced to provide fast EM propagation and to enhance PRP simultaneously, so that low-latency, the desired reliability level and small overhead can be achieved at the same time. The opportunistic broadcast protocol (OBP) is based on opportunistic broadcast (OB), a MAC-layer mechanism to select single relay distributively, which features an effective redundant relay suppressing mechanism and very small rebroadcast delay for high priority nodes. Simulation study shows that OBP achieves close to 100% PRP, while using a small number of relays with very low broadcast latency under a wide range of road traffic conditions.