Parallel and distributed computation: numerical methods
Parallel and distributed computation: numerical methods
Introduction to Reinforcement Learning
Introduction to Reinforcement Learning
Multiagent Systems: Algorithmic, Game-Theoretic, and Logical Foundations
Multiagent Systems: Algorithmic, Game-Theoretic, and Logical Foundations
Reinforcement learning: a survey
Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research
Rate-distortion optimized streaming of packetized media
IEEE Transactions on Multimedia
Analysis of video transmission over lossy channels
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
Optimal trellis-based buffered compression and fast approximations
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
A hybrid temporal-SNR fine-granular scalability for Internet video
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
Evaluating MPEG-4 video decoding complexity for an alternative video complexity verifier model
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
Autonomous decision making in layered and reconfigurable video coders
Asilomar'09 Proceedings of the 43rd Asilomar conference on Signals, systems and computers
End-to-end stochastic scheduling of scalable video overtime-varying channels
Proceedings of the international conference on Multimedia
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Layered compression paradigms such as scalable, multiple description, and multi-view video coding, require coupled encoding decisions among layers to achieve optimal distortion performance under buffer constraints. Moreover, due to the dynamic and time-varying source characteristics, and temporal coupling of encoding decisions through the buffer constraints, it is not only necessary to consider the immediate rate-distortion impact of encoding decisions, but also their long-term rate-distortion impact. In other words, optimal encoding decisions must consider the coupling between layers and the coupling across time. In many scenarios, however, it may be impractical to make joint coding decisions for all of the layers. For instance, a two layer bitstream may be coded using different encoders for the base layer and enhancement layer, each with its own autonomous control plane; or, if the same encoder is used for multiple layers, then a joint decision process, which considers the aforementioned dependencies, may be too complex. In this paper, we propose a framework for autonomous decision making in layered video coders, which decouples the decision making processes at the various layers using a novel layered Markov decision process. We illustrate how this framework can be applied to decompose the decision processes for several typical layered video coders with different dependency structures and we observe that the performance of the proposed decomposition highly depends on the ability of the layers to model each other.