Hop-to-Hop Reliability in IP-Based Wireless Sensor Networks - A Cross-Layer Approach

Authors:
Gerald Wagenknecht;Markus Anwander;Torsten Braun
Affiliations:
Institute of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, University of Bern, Switzerland;Institute of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, University of Bern, Switzerland;Institute of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, University of Bern, Switzerland
Venue:
WWIC 2009 Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Wired/Wireless Internet Communications
Year:
2009

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Abstract

To interconnect a wireless sensor network (WSN) to the Internet, we propose to use TCP/IP as the standard protocol for all network entities. We present a cross layer designed communication architecture, which contains a MAC protocol, IP, a new protocol called Hop-to-Hop Reliability (H2HR) protocol, and the TCP Support for Sensor Nodes (TSS) protocol. The MAC protocol implements the MAC layer of beacon-less personal area networks (PANs) as defined in IEEE 802.15.4. H2HR implements hop-to-hop reliability mechanisms. Two acknowledgment mechanisms, explicit and implicit ACK are supported. TSS optimizes using TCP in WSNs by implementing local retransmission of TCP data packets, local TCP ACK regeneration, aggressive TCP ACK recovery, congestion and flow control algorithms. We show that H2HR increases the performance of UDP, TCP, and RMST in WSNs significantly. The throughput is increased and the packet loss ratio is decreased. As a result, WSNs can be operated and managed using TCP/IP.