HipMatch: An object-oriented cross-platform program for accurate determination of cup orientation using 2D-3D registration of single standard X-ray radiograph and a CT volume

Authors:
Guoyan Zheng;Xuan Zhang;Simon D. Steppacher;Stephen B. Murphy;Klaus A. Siebenrock;Moritz Tannast
Affiliations:
ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering Research, ISTB-Institute for Surgical Technology and Biomechanics, University of Bern, Stauffacherstrasse 78, CH-3014 Bern, Switzerland;ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering Research, ISTB-Institute for Surgical Technology and Biomechanics, University of Bern, Stauffacherstrasse 78, CH-3014 Bern, Switzerland;Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Inselspital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland and Center for Computer-assisted and Reconstructive Surgery, Tufts University, New En ...;Center for Computer-assisted and Reconstructive Surgery, Tufts University, New England Baptist Hospital, 125 Parker Hill Avenue, Boston 02120, MA, USA;Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Inselspital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland;Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Inselspital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland
Venue:
Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine
Year:
2009

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Abstract

The widely used procedure of evaluation of cup orientation following total hip arthroplasty using single standard anteroposterior (AP) radiograph is known inaccurate, largely due to the wide variability in individual pelvic orientation relative to X-ray plate. 2D-3D image registration methods have been introduced for an accurate determination of the post-operative cup alignment with respect to an anatomical reference extracted from the CT data. Although encouraging results have been reported, their extensive usage in clinical routine is still limited. This may be explained by their requirement of a CAD model of the prosthesis, which is often difficult to be organized from the manufacturer due to the proprietary issue, and by their requirement of either multiple radiographs or a radiograph-specific calibration, both of which are not available for most retrospective studies. To address these issues, we developed and validated an object-oriented cross-platform program called ''HipMatch'' where a hybrid 2D-3D registration scheme combining an iterative landmark-to-ray registration with a 2D-3D intensity-based registration was implemented to estimate a rigid transformation between a pre-operative CT volume and the post-operative X-ray radiograph for a precise estimation of cup alignment. No CAD model of the prosthesis is required. Quantitative and qualitative results evaluated on cadaveric and clinical datasets are given, which indicate the robustness and the accuracy of the program. HipMatch is written in object-oriented programming language C++ using cross-platform software Qt (TrollTech, Oslo, Norway), VTK, and Coin3D and is transportable to any platform.