An Information Theoretic Framework for Biometric Security Systems

Authors:
Lifeng Lai;Siu-Wai Ho;H. Vincent Poor
Affiliations:
Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, USA 08512.;Department of Information Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong;Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, USA 08512.
Venue:
ICB '09 Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Advances in Biometrics
Year:
2009

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Abstract

An information theoretic framework is established to analyze the performance of biometric security systems. Two performance metrics, namely privacy, measured by the normalized equivocation rate of the biometric measurements, and security, measured by the rate of the key generated from the biometric measurements, are first defined. A fundamental tradeoff between these two metrics is then identified. The scenario in which a potential attacker does not have side information is considered first. The privacy-security region, which characterizes the above-noted tradeoff, is derived for this case. An important role of common information among random variables is revealed in perfect privacy biometric security systems. The scenario in which the attacker has side information is then considered. Inner and outer bounds on the privacy-security tradeoff are derived in this case.